티스토리 뷰
캄보디아 이야기 32 | 떠들썩한 캄보디아 지방 선거 캠페인과 여러 이슈들 | Cambodia Commune Election Campaign
Olivia올리비아 2021. 12. 31. 20:53
현재 캄보디아는 아래 기사와 같이 2012년 6월 3일 지방 선거(Commune Election)을 앞두고 캠페인이 한창이다. (참고로 general election-총선거는 내년이라고 함.)
선거 열기가 정말 엄청 나서 놀랍다. CPP(Cambodian People's Party, 캄보디안 피플스 파티 - 현 캄보디아의 여당)는 내가 사는 집 근처인 Psar Tuol Tom Poung(프사 뚤뚬뿡, 러시안 마켓) 근처에 천막을 쳐놓고 캄보디아 사람들이 대부분 잠이 들 밤 9시 넘은 시각까지 엄청난 사운드로 노래며, 연설이며.. 고성방가... 짧은 치마를 입고 흰 모자와 흰 티셔츠를 입은 여성들이 무대에 서서 노래를 하는데... 사람들은 둘러서서 그걸 구경하고 있고.. (특히 남성들이).... 별로 좋아 보이진 않음.
오늘도 독립기념탑 근처에 갔었는데 National Institute of Education 옆, Preah Suramarit Blvd. 와 Samdach Preah Sihanouk Blvd. 가 만나는 지점에 어찌나 많은 CPP 선거 캠페인 차량들이 서 있던지.. 이건 뭐 거의 군대 수준... -_ ㅡ;;
CAMBODIA COMMUNE ELECTION CAMPAIGN
| 기사입력 2012-05-18 13:39
CAMBODIA COMMUNE ELECTION CAMPAIGN
Members of Cambodian People's Party (CPP), wave party's and national flags on a truck, during a campaign for the Cambodian commune council election in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 18 May 2012. Cambodia will elect its commune and Sangkat council members on 03 June 2012. EPA/MAK REMISSA
Cambodia Election
| 기사입력 2012-05-18 21:36
Supporters of the ruling Cambodian People's Party campaign during a commune elections rally in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Friday, May 18, 2012. The campaign was kicked off Friday for the June 3 commune elections. (AP Photo/Heng Sinith)
캄보디아의 이런 상황을 지켜보는 외국인의 입장에서 더욱 안타까운 것은.. 이런 캠페인 중에는 단지 해당 party의 깃발을 들고 환호성을 지르는 것 외에는, voter들에게 어필할 수 있는 local issue들을 포함한 party의 어떤 계획이나 선거공약도 없다는 것.. 그러면서 거리 벽마다 투표용지를 미리 공개해 놓고, 특히 CPP는 자신들의 당에 도장 찍는 것이 정답이라는 듯 그림으로 너무나도 명백하게 표시해 놓았다(우리나라 선거 때 모양이랑 흡사함). 자세한 내용은 아래 기사 참고. 글이 기가 막히게 좋음.. ㅠ.ㅠ
Local Election on 3 June 2012 – really “local”?
By: Norbert Klein Posted: May-22-2012 in Cambodia Politics
With permission – from The Cambodia Daily.
Looking to the reports in several newspapers about the beginning of the election campaign on the way towards local elections to be held on Sunday, 3 June 2012, I found mainly reports about the activities planned by the 10 parties competing (though not in all provinces and communes) using figures: how many people and trucks and cars and motorcycles moved around Phnom Penh campaigning - “showing off” but hardly any reference to local issues raised while appealing to voters. The emphasis is on the names of the political parties and their leaders.
The Cambodian People's Party [CPP] parade comprised about 600 cars - “a substantial fleet of Lexuses and other luxury SUVs” reported The Cambodia Daily - and 3,000 motorbikes.
The Sam Rainsy Party parade had only about 100 vehicles.
The two small royalist parties announced they avoid big spending for their election campaigns.
Of course there are also issues and campaign platforms mentioned – but in very general terms:
“Vote for the CPP and the country will have peace and development.”
For the FUNCINPEC, its Secretary General Nhiek Bun Chhay, said his “party's 18-point platform included solving land disputes, judicial reform, adopting new laws and eliminating corruption, drug trafficking, robbery and the exploitation of women and children. FUNCINPEC also supports higher salaries for police, soldiers and teachers as well as expanding the education, agriculture and health sectors.” But he did not say how.
The Human Rights Party led by Ken Sakha planned to use only 25 trucks, 10 cars, and 80 motorcycles. Members of this party prayed at the Wat Phnom pagoda “to ward off any curses that might have been made against the party” and especially against those who curse the Human Rights Party as being a puppet of another party – referring obviously to the accusation that this party was created under the influence of the CPP.
The Sam Rainsy Party manifesto aims to get rid of bribery, and to reduce the cost of living for ordinary people. But again – as in the promises of other parties – there is nothing related to the character of local elections, and the other goals are quite general without much specific plans for their implementation.
When I was in my home country of Germany in 2010, it happened that it was campaign time for local elections. Of course most of the candidates were members of parties that have a national standing, but there were also individual independent candidates. All of them referred in their posters and speeches to local situations – to their city in the case of small cities, or just to one of the electoral districts in the case of bigger cities: discussing the need to reconstruct or increase a particular school in their district, or to the way and timing garbage is collected, or to environmental problems in their local region because of conflicts between industrial pollution coming from a factory being a problem for the residents of the area. But it is always local people who appeal to local voters, as one candidate's poster I saw made it clear: “I have my ideas – but you have the votes.”
All this leads to public meetings where the candidates of different parties have to explain why they would like to get voted for – presenting their various plans and visions for the next couple of years – and the affected citizens can base their electoral choices on what the different candidates have presented.
Will there be any such meetings in Phnom Penh – or in other communities of the country – where the candidates of different parties competing in the same administrative region can present and explain what they stand for and why, and how they want to achieve their plans practically – improvements – changes – developments.
There are enough issues in Phnom Penh to be handled in a way that contributes to solving problems and arranging measures for the future of all the people affected locally.
Will there be public discussions about the issue of the filled in Boeung Kak lake(벙깍 호수 이슈 - 호수를 없애고 이곳을 개발하려는 어떤 한 정치가의 프로젝트로 인해 이곳에 사는 'protester'들이 매일 들고일어나 시위 중으로, 요즘 이것 때문에 신문이 매우 시끄러움)'s future – now that the Cambodia contractor and the Chinese company involved seem to have at least interrupted, or maybe even ceased to cooperate? Will the candidates of the different parties trying to get elected into the local Phnom Penh councils discuss this with each other, and with the public? At present, if seems that hardly anybody else but the victims losing their living spaces are concerned with the disappearing lake. But also the city of Phnom Penh lost a flooding basin, and the citizens in general lost an area of recreation. When I was recently in Yangon, the capital city of Myanmar and saw how people enjoy the lakes in the city for booting, I remembered the time in the early and mid 1990ies when such sports for young people and whole families became possible also in Phnom Penh.
More than national elections, local elections can be the field where politicians and the people can engage together and consider the different options best suited for all. But this can happen only when those who want to get the votes are prepared to publicly say and defend their positions, and when those who have the right to vote also make efforts, sometimes encountering difficulties to find the necessary information but do not give up, to find out in detail on which issues they are expected to cast their ballots.
(출처 : http://www.expat-advisory.com)
그래도 다행이다 싶은 것은 아래와 같은 노력을 하고 있다는 것....
Forum Discussion on political parties’ policies on Land Security and Natural Resource at Local Level
Representatives from nine political parties running for Commune election to be held in June 3, 2012 except the Cambodian People Party has met up on May 24, 2012 at Imperial Garden hotel for a whole day forum on May 24 to present their policies on “Land Security and Natural Resource Management at local level” to around 180 people from different NGOs, community representatives across the country.
The forum co-organizes by the NGO forum on Cambodia, World Vision Cambodia, COMFREL, CHRAC and CLEC aims to share information, discussion and advocacy on priority issues that go contraction to the development of the country by providing chance to voters to understand policy priorities on the Land and natural resource management as well as to provide voters to raise their concerns directly to political representatives and also to understand political strategy frameworks to resolve land issue and natural resource management.
Mr. Chhith Sam Ath, Executive Director of the NGO forum on Cambodia, in his open remark highlighted the negative impact caused by land disputes throughout the country especially the indigenous minorities and people whose lives depend largely on the land and natural resources. “… people and indigenous minority group who live through agricultural activities have being suffered from development projects namely Economic Land concession, Mine concession, Hydropower dam construction that fails to implement according the legal framework”… said the remark.
The lively event attracted the audiences to throw different questions to the panels for responses. What important note, the audiences at the forum appreciates the event as they have chance to interact directly with the all political actors and listened to diverse policy agenda they have set toward the land security and natural resource management. With a hope that the promises will come true, the NGOs/CSO organizations keep eyes to see the promises reality after these political actors come offices.
(출처 : http://www.ngoforum.org.kh/eng/eventview.php?id=11)
아 참, 근데 캄보디아는 비밀선거... 이겠지...? (나라가 워낙 오랜 기간 독재의 시대를 맞이하고 있다 보니 이젠 별것이 다 의심이... ㅠ.ㅠ) 그런데 우리 센터 현지인 스텝 Lida의 이야기를 들어보니... 선거 때는 투표 후에(?) 손가락에 물감 같은 것을 찍는다고 했다. 그건 며칠이 지나도록 잘 지워지지 않는데, 시민들은 서로의 손가락을 보면서 누가 투표를 하고, 투표를 하지 않았는지를 알 수 있다고. 만약 투표를 하지 않은 사람은 왜 안 했냐고.. 약간 책망(..? 장난인지도 모르겠으나..)을 받는 듯... 어쨌든 그렇단다.
그리고 아래 사진이 위 기사에서도 언급되었던 CPP(Cambodian People's Party, 여당)와 SRP(Sam Rainsy Party) 캠페인 차량의 엄청난 차이....
CPP versus SRP vehicle fleet
"The Cambodian People’s Party [CPP] parade comprised about 600 cars – “a substantial fleet of Lexuses and other luxury SUVs” reported The Cambodia Daily – and 3,000 motorbikes.
The Sam Rainsy Party parade had only about 100 vehicles." - Norbert Klein in thinking21.org
업로드 준비 중입니다.
The CPP's display of its luxury SUVs and Lexuses.
The SRP fleet of luxury oxcarts.
(출처 : cam111.com)
근데 위에 'luxury oxcarts'는 좀 심했다... SRP 캠페인 차량이 수도 Phnom Penh에선 저 정도는 아니었고... 어제도 보니 단지, 한국으로부터 중고로 들여온.. 한국 특유의 그 파란색 용달차 많이(多)와 랜드크루저 몇 대 정도랄까...
한편.. 선거 관련해서는 부정행위가 만연하고 있으니.....
Elections in Cambodia marred by bribery reports
The Cambodian commune elections has allegedly been marred by reports of bribery. Mr K alleges that 5 members of his family, in the Kaoh Chen commune, were paid by candidates from the ruling Cambodia Peoples Party to vote for them.
A placard of the Cambodian Peoples Party. The Cambodian People's Party is the current ruling party of Cambodia. Previous elections have also been marred by corruption.
Description:
The Cambodian commune elections in 2012 select officials at the grassroots level to represent their community. The elections to be held on the 3rd June 2012 have been marred by reports of bribery by officials from the ruling Cambodia Peoples Party (CPP).
Mr K who wishes to remain anonymous alleges that 5 members of his family in the Kaoh Chen commune - Preak Chik village, Kandal Province - were paid $2.5 each by a Mr R Lon who is a member of the CPP.
"I have already spent the money," Mr. K tells me when I ask him for evidence of the vote buying.
"I cannot take you to speak with Mr. Lon as this will be dangerous for my family," he continues.
"Now we have taken the money we have to vote for the CPP because they can check who we have voted for," and he does appear to genuinely believe that the CPP can do that.
"Why did you take the money to vote if you believe that it's wrong?" I ask:
"If we dont take they know we vote for another Party," was his cynical response.
The Phnom Penh post reports today that the Prime Mininster Mr. Hun Sen and CPP vice-president has written a directive to ensure that all aspects of the democratic election process are fair: “Military police, national police and all levels of local authorities have to inform and educate the lower levels, villagers and foreigners in their community to suspend their selling and drinking of alcohol in order to make for good electoral process with freedom, justice and without violence.”
The CPP face a difficult electorate in Phnom Penh at the moment. Issues such as the alleged illegal land grab of prime development land at the Boeung Kak lake site by CPP government senator Lao Meng Khin, and the rapid imprisonment of 13 women protestors last week for the (ongoing) protests against the loss of their homes, may surface in the ballot box on 3rd June.
(출처 : dailykhmerpost.com)
또한, 선거일인 6월 3일을 전후로 하루씩 보태, 6월 2일 자정부터 6월 4일 자정까지 3일간 알코올이 금지된다!!! 허허.. 술까지 금지되다니.. 선거가 중요하긴 하다.
As a visitor, it's sometimes easy to miss the nuances of public life in a country. You're less likely to pick up a newspaper or have a chat on current affairs at the supermarket. But you'd need to be really cultivating an 'ignorance is bliss' approach not to have noticed that Phnom Penh is in the grip of election fever.
What do we want? A caption! When do we want it? Now!
The city's been experiencing the joys of election campaigning for a few weeks, starting at the particularly delightful time of 5:30 -- that's in the morning -- when the roadshow amps are cranked up in the Vietnamese Friendship Park. Turn almost any corner and there's another set of supporters blocking the road, waving flags and chanting, hanging from vehicles almost overloaded with megaphones and speakers. Being prepared with earplugs, a knowledge of back alleys and a sense of humour means these things can be dealt with pretty easily.
Now, however, a ban on alcohol is threatening a sober weekend ahead and an end to election fun. To ensure things go smoothly for the commune elections, the government has announced a booze embargo over this weekend. From midnight on Friday 2 June to midnight on Sunday 4 June, you're officially out of luck if you want to buy or drink alcohol in Cambodia.
Here's what you could have drunk.
While nervous expats stockpile cases of Angkor beer to drink in the safety of their apartments, no-one is quite sure how rigorous the prohibition is going to be. During the last general election 'bar on bars', drinking establishments attached to hotels seemed to escape notice, even though there were many more patrons than beds. Away from tourist areas, it's likely that you will still be able to find your tipple of choice, as long as it's beer or whiskey. In fact, there are no specified penalties for selling or consuming firewater, although the police will tell you to stop if they catch you at it.
You could always take this opportunity to give your liver a break and do something fun and healthy or indulge yourself with a colonial afternoon tea. If the risk of a weekend without the hard stuff is just too much, in case of emergency your nearest exits are Thailand, Vietnam and Laos ...
(출처 : travelfish.org)
2 Jun 2012